
Metals can be locked up for decades in durable consumer goods. Global metal flows are dynamic and complex. Such internally inconsistent forecasts can be misleading – important if you're planning new mines. This is because they rely on things like an assumed supply from recycling, but don't reconcile this component against scrap availability, which in turn depends upon the ever-changing technology mix in the broader economy. The timing and trade-offs between those different sources of supply is not, however, something traditional forecasts can tell us. Known unknowns: the devil in the details of energy metal demand (accessible text version) TXT (73 KB)Ĭonceptually, we know this demand will be met through a mix of new mining, recycled materials and even reuse.

Known unknowns: the devil in the details of energy metal demand PDF (2 MB).

It's become clear that the global transition to clean energy will need a lot of metal.
